USB to Windows 10 VM does not work

[apparatus]

@mikcor

I downloaded them from the Dom and started them with the virtual CD, but on the virtual CD there is only a text file with the message Qubes Windows Tools are currently unavaiable due to security concerns.
See qubes-secpack/QSBs/qsb-091-2023.txt at master · QubesOS/qubes-secpack · GitHub for details

You can still install it if you really need it:

Qvm-create-windows-qube Qubes Windows Tools install hangs on the "Completing setup of Qubes Windows Tools" step

If you are willing to accept the risks described in QSB-091, you may still install the previous version 4.1.68-1 of QWT, which is still available from https://yum.qubes-os.org/r4.1/current/dom0/fc32/rpm/qubes-windows-tools-4.1.68-1.noarch.rpm. After downloading the rpm file and installing it in dom0 via sudo dnf install, proceed as described in Installing and Using Qubes Windows Tools in Qubes R4.1.

@mikcor

Do I need the Windows Tools at all?

Only if you need additional Qubes OS integration features in WIndows like clipboard/file sender/receiver between VMs:

Qubes-Community/Contents/blob/master/docs/os/windows/windows-tools41.md

@mikcor

If so why does it not work?

Why you can’t easily install QWT right now? It’s because of security concerns as described in your link to QSB-091 so users are notified of possible issues and don’t blindly install it without being aware of it.