I ran the following command as per the qubes docs to create sys-usb. It ran without errors:
sudo qubesctl state.sls qvm.sys-usb
After that I tried powering it on in the Management panel, and got this error:
Volume group "qubes_dom0" not found.
Cannot process volume group qubes_dom0
Trying to open it again yields a different error:
volume qubes_dom0/vm-fedora-37-root missing