I have a lot of identification with problems with Qubes install. I read of others who directly downloaded and installed Qubes without problems, but not me. What I did was to use a bit of a checklist of things to be sure were not the problem. And try different options on some of the others.
If you currently use Debian,you are a good recruit to use Qubes.
A friend once told me his method of installing software.
“Shoot”
Evaluate what happened.
“Shoot again”
He had decided that reading all the documentation of “how to” with a piece of software was often a big expenditure of time, energy, thinking processes that would not help him to get it installed. So the first time I try software, I, personally, do the same. Just give a whirl.
The Qubes documentation, actually is pretty good, (even where it refers to 4.1, it is close) and can be used as a checklist.
If those directives were not specifically given to you by a Qubes Developer, for your problem. Then I am not sure, I would much try to implement them until I removed some other possible things. Else I think they go into where you interrupt the install at the very first start of the USB.
Lets go back a bit further than that.
As an example of things to try: I, personally have had some odd things happen. I had an X-230 with an Intel Core I5. I went through the BIOS/EFi and made sure that I had the Virtualization and IMMOU turned on. After some strange issues with installs doing strange things. I decided, while it should not be, it must be that the Virtualization was not working. I put Ubuntu on drive, which told me that some things were working. I turned off the Virtualization. Completely went through the Power Down from Ubuntu. and Powered up the computer. Powered down through Ubuntu again. Powered back up.
Then went into BIOS and turned Virtualization On. Went through all that Time wasting Power Down from an OS, and doing a complete Power up.
I Kept checking to see if Install would run. After the second iteration of this. It worked. I have no explanation, except I seem to the unluckiest person in the world. By the way, that was “4.1 Qubes”
The step before that, Are you certain the computer you are trying to install Qubes, that the hardware for that laptop is functional. Some computer manufacturers, on their support site, have hardware tests. On one computer (Alienware 15 R2, I put Windows 10 back on it, and downloaded all the drivers, looking for something that would not install. As it turned out, a huge waste of time.)( But, I was looking for what worked, and what did not work.
It was how I created the bootable ISO I was using.
A lot of folks here have had problems loading Qubes 4.2. I think the developers did something about “4.2 Final” to help keep this from happening. However, some of us, developed our own recipe to creating a USB to use. and Preparing the Computer drive for Install. As I think of it. Seems kinda like Voodoo.
And, since I do not know why what I did worked, I am not sure I should inflict all that time consuming stuff on someone else.
I want to assure you, Others here have had problems installing Qubes 4.2 which relates to -something with the way they put the ISO on the USB stick. But dd in Debian. that should have been pure platinum. I had a strange Issue with trying to copy an ISO I had downloaded, (in Windows 10) onto to USB, to then put into a Linux computer to write to be a bootable drive. Etcher Refused to work for me. I tried ticking a lot of those boxes. Might be working now with 4.2 Final. The version I got to work. I downloaded “Qubes 4.2 Final,” on the Linux Computer I used to create write the bootable USB I successfully installed from.
Should I go on, with different things to try, or is the original Poster bored with all this?