It seems like a generic GRUB error, so it shouldn’t be related to Qubes specifically. Have you tried researching the error messages online?
I don’t have a lot of ideas here, you could try going into your uefi settings, boot > add boot option. Then select the USB drive and move into the UEFI directory and select grub.
You could also try re-flashing the usb, with a newer version perhaps:
Qubes-20221112-kernel-latest-x86_64.iso (These weekly builds are referenced here: QubesOS 4.1 Signed Weekly Builds)
This time try with the following:
$ sudo dd if=Qubes-20221112-kernel-latest-x86_64.iso of=/dev/sda bs=4M status=progress
But make sure that your usb drive is in fact /dev/sda (otherwise change it accordingly)