Iwd + iwgtk test as sys-net/使用 iwd + iwgtk 作为 sys-net

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一次实验记录：使用 iwd + iwgtk 作为 Qubes OS sys-net 的无线网络方案

供希望折腾的用户参考。
模板：社区提供的 Devuan 模板，来源：https://forum.qubes-os.org/t/devuan-linux-template-non-official-available-for-testing/40900

实验内容

尝试使用 iwd 和 iwgtk 作为 Qubes OS 中 sys-net 的无线网络管理方案。

模板配置脚本片段


apt install firmware-iwlwifi
apt install firmware-mediatek
apt install firmware-realtek

apt install --no-install-recommends usbutils usb-modeswitch

apt install --no-install-recommends qubes-core-agent-networking

apt install --no-install-recommends bash-completion

#dhcpcd
apt install --no-install-recommends dhcpcd dhcpcd-base
aa-complain dhcpcd
rc-update add dhcpcd default

cat > /etc/dhcpcd.exit-hook << 'EOF'
case "$reason" in
    BOUND|RENEW|REBIND|REBOOT|IPV4LL|STATIC|TIMEOUT)
        case "$interface" in
            vif*) ;;
            *) /usr/lib/qubes/qubes-setup-dnat-to-ns ;;
        esac
        ;;
esac
EOF

chmod 644 /etc/dhcpcd.exit-hook

#iwd
apt install --no-install-recommends iwd
apt install --no-install-recommends iwgtk
rc-update add iwd default

实验准备

  1. 使用上述脚本安装必需的软件包。

  2. 关闭 sys-net，然后打开：

    Qubes Manager → sys-net → 右键 → Settings → Devices

    将无线网卡连接到 sys-net。

  3. 启动 sys-net，然后打开：

    Qubes Manager → sys-net → 右键 → Open Console in Qube

    以 root 用户登录。

  4. 运行 iwgtk，并使用它连接到 Wi-Fi。

  5. 将其他 Qube 的 NetVM 设置为 sys-net，测试网络连通性。

实验结果

网络可以正常连通。

这说明，Qubes OS 的网络环境不一定需要同时安装 qubes-core-agent-manager 和 network-manager。

至少需要以下组件：

  • qubes-core-agent-networking
  • DHCP 服务软件
  • 有线网络相关的软件包

遗憾的是，iwgtk 需要以 root 用户启动，因此可能不太适合希望获得类似 nm-applet 桌面使用体验的用户。

如果使用 systemd，请根据实际情况修改对应的服务配置。

Experiment Report: Using iwd + iwgtk as the Wireless Networking Solution for sys-net in Qubes OS

Provided as a reference for users who enjoy experimenting.
Template: a community-provided Devuan template from the https://forum.qubes-os.org/t/devuan-linux-template-non-official-available-for-testing/40900.

Experiment

I tried using iwd together with iwgtk as the wireless network management solution for sys-net in Qubes OS.

Template Configuration Script Snippet


apt install firmware-iwlwifi
apt install firmware-mediatek
apt install firmware-realtek

apt install --no-install-recommends usbutils usb-modeswitch

apt install --no-install-recommends qubes-core-agent-networking

apt install --no-install-recommends bash-completion

#dhcpcd
apt install --no-install-recommends dhcpcd dhcpcd-base
aa-complain dhcpcd
rc-update add dhcpcd default

cat > /etc/dhcpcd.exit-hook << 'EOF'
case "$reason" in
    BOUND|RENEW|REBIND|REBOOT|IPV4LL|STATIC|TIMEOUT)
        case "$interface" in
            vif*) ;;
            *) /usr/lib/qubes/qubes-setup-dnat-to-ns ;;
        esac
        ;;
esac
EOF

chmod 644 /etc/dhcpcd.exit-hook

#iwd
apt install --no-install-recommends iwd
apt install --no-install-recommends iwgtk
rc-update add iwd default

Preparation

  1. Use the script above to install the required packages.

  2. Shut down sys-net, then open:

    Qubes Manager → sys-net → Right-click → Settings → Devices

    Attach the Wi-Fi adapter to sys-net.

  3. Start sys-net, then open:

    Qubes Manager → sys-net → Right-click → Open Console in Qube

    Log in as root.

  4. Run iwgtk and use it to connect to a Wi-Fi network.

  5. Set sys-net as the NetVM for the other Qubes, then test network connectivity.

Result

The network connection worked successfully.

This indicates that Qubes OS does not necessarily require both qubes-core-agent-manager and network-manager in this setup.

At minimum, the following components are required:

  • qubes-core-agent-networking
  • DHCP service software
  • Packages required for wired networking

Unfortunately, iwgtk must be started as root, so it may not be suitable for users who want a desktop experience similar to nm-applet.

If you use systemd, modify the corresponding service configuration as needed.

Just for fun​:rose:

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