To anyone who is looking for a solution: I have applied a the Kernel parameter amdgpu.noretry=0, which appears to have solved the problem.
Xorg still throws these warnings occasionally:
[136780.958] (EE) event3 - HID 046a:0023: client bug: event processing lagging behind by 16ms, your system is too slow
Before applying the mentioned Kernel parameter, these events inevitably led to the system either freezing or Xorg crashing.
Now it is just lagging for a few seconds.